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A HISTORY OF MODERN IRAN
ERVAND ABRAHAMIAN
City University of New York
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
© Ervand Abrahamian 2008
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of
relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place
without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format
2008
ISBN-13 978-0-511-41399-5
eBook (EBL)
ISBN-13 978-0-521-82139-1
hardback
ISBN-13 978-0-521-52891-7
paperback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls
for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not
guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521821391
Contents
List of illustrations
page
viii
ix
List of tables
xi
List of figures
xii
Chronology
xiii
Glossary
xv
A political who
’
s who of modern Iran
xvii
Preface
xxvii
Introduction
1
1 “
Royal despots
”
: state and society under the Qajars
8
2
Reform, revolution, and the Great War
34
3
The iron fist of Reza Shah
63
4
The nationalist interregnum
97
5
Muhammad Reza Shah
’
s White Revolution
123
6
The Islamic Republic
155
Bibliography
196
Further reading
218
Index
224
vii
List of maps
Notes
215
Maps
1
Iran and the Middle East
page
xxix
2
Iranian provinces
xxx
viii
Illustrations
1
Coronation stamp,
1926
page
66
2
Road construction stamp,
1934
78
3
Stamps set depicting Pahlavi ideology,
1935
78
3
.
1
Persepolis
78
3
.
2
Tehran airport
78
3
.
3
Sanatorium near Tehran
79
3
.
4
Cement factory in Abdul
Azim
79
3
.
5
Gunboat
79
3
.
6
Railway bridge over Karun
80
3
.
7
Tehran post office
80
3
.
8
Justice: woman with scales and sword
80
3
.
9
Education: angel teaching youth
80
4
Stamp set celebrating ancient Iran
81
4
.
1
Persepolis: ruins of Main Palace
81
4
.
2
Persepolis: lion carving
81
4
.
3
Persepolis: Darius
81
4
.
4
Persepolis: warrior
82
4
.
5
Pasaraga: Cyrus
’
tomb
82
4
.
6
Carving at Naqsh-e Rostam: God Mazda
s investiture
of Ardashir
82
4
.
7
Carving at Naqsh-e Rostam: Shahpour accepting Emperor
Valerian
s submission
83
5
Stamps (
1963–78
)
135
5
.
1
Set celebrating aspects of the White Revolution
135
5
.
2
Set commemorating Reza Shah
136
5
.
3
Stamp set commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the
Pahlavi dynasty
137
6
Statue of Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi during the revolution.
Tehran, February
1979
. Copyright Abbas/Magnum Photos
160
ix
q
’
’
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